Analisis Gaya Bahasa Pantun Bersaut dalam Pernikahan Desa Tebing Abang Semendo Kabupaten Muara Enim
Abstract
Penelitian ini berjudul “Analisis Gaya Bahasa Pantun Bersaut dalam Pernikahan Desa Tebing Abang Semendo, Kabupaten Muara Enim”. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk gaya bahasa dalam pantun bersaut dan menjelaskan fungsi sosialnya dalam prosesi pernikahan adat Semendo. Tradisi pantun bersaut tidak hanya bernilai estetis, tetapi juga sarat makna simbolik yang mencerminkan nilai adat, norma sosial, dan identitas budaya masyarakat setempat. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce. Data primer diperoleh dari teks pantun bersaut dalam buku Adat Perkawinan Tunggu Tubang, sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari literatur dan penelitian terdahulu. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi studi pustaka, observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara dengan tokoh adat, sementara analisis mengikuti model interaktif Miles dan Huberman melalui reduksi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gaya bahasa dominan berupa metafora, aliterasi, paradoks, dan personifikasi, yang memperindah tuturan sekaligus memperhalus pesan adat. Secara sosial, pantun bersaut berfungsi sebagai media komunikasi adat yang santun, perekat silaturahmi keluarga, sarana pendidikan moral, dan upaya pelestarian tradisi lisan. Dengan demikian, pantun bersaut bukan sekadar hiburan, tetapi fondasi budaya yang mengandung nilai estetis, pragmatis, dan sosial, sekaligus simbol identitas masyarakat Semendo yang perlu terus dijaga di era modernisasi.
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