Problematika Minat Literasi Sastra Peserta Didik SMA: Studi Kasus
Abstract
Problematika Minat Literasi Sastra pada Peserta Didik SMA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis kesenjangan minat peserta didik terhadap berbagai genre sastra dalam pelaksanaan program literasi sekolah; (2) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya minat peserta didik terhadap genre sastra tertentu; dan (3) merumuskan strategi inovatif untuk meningkatkan apresiasi peserta didik terhadap keberagaman genre sastra Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode survei. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 21 Bandung. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 35 orang peserta didik kelas X-6. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner Google Form yang terdiri dari pertanyaan tertutup dan terbuka. Data dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan minat yang sangat ekstrem terhadap berbagai genre sastra. Sebanyak 91,4% peserta didik hanya tertarik pada prosa naratif modern dengan rincian novel 65,7% dan cerpen 25,7%, sementara puisi dan naskah drama masing-masing hanya diminati 2,9% peserta didik, dan hikayat serta pantun tidak memiliki peminat sama sekali. Empat faktor penyebab rendahnya minat teridentifikasi: (1) faktor aksesibilitas kognitif; (2) faktor pedagogis dan pendekatan pembelajaran; (3) faktor lingkungan dan ketersediaan bahan bacaan; dan (4) faktor sosial budaya dan pengaruh media digital. Strategi inovatif yang dirumuskan meliputi variasi metode dan aktivitas literasi, perubahan setting pembelajaran, kebebasan memilih bacaan, dan bantuan khusus untuk genre yang menantang. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa revitalisasi Gerakan Literasi Sekolah dengan strategi yang responsif terhadap karakteristik generasi digital dapat meningkatkan apresiasi peserta didik terhadap keberagaman genre sastra Indonesia
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