Analisis Tindak Tutur Langsung dan Tidak Langsung pada Ujaran Kebencian di Kolom Komentar Instagram @ulil99
Abstract
Media sosial menjadi ruang utama ekspresi publik, namun kebebasan berbahasa di ruang digital kerap memunculkan ujaran kebencian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk tindak tutur langsung dan tidak langsung yang mengandung ujaran kebencian terhadap Ulil Abshar Abdalla dalam kolom komentar Instagram @ulil99, khususnya terkait isu tambang nikel di Raja Ampat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan landasan teori pragmatik, terutama teori tindak tutur Searle, serta konsep ujaran kebencian Susan J. Brison. Data berupa komentar netizen yang dikumpulkan melalui teknik dokumentasi dan dianalisis secara induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ujaran kebencian muncul dalam bentuk tindak tutur langsung (deklaratif dan imperatif) maupun tidak langsung (sindiran dan implikatur), dengan jenis penghinaan, pencemaran nama baik, penistaan, provokasi, dan hoaks. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa ujaran kebencian di media sosial berfungsi sebagai tindakan komunikatif yang merugikan martabat korban.
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