Refleksi Realitas Sosial dalam Cerpen Maling karya Asma Dzakia: Sosiologi Sastra Ian Watt
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan refleksi realitas sosial dalam cerpen Maling karya Asma Dzakia melalui kajian sosiologi sastra teori Ian Watt. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hubungan erat antara karya sastra dan kehidupan masyarakat, di mana sastra tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai hiburan, tetapi juga sebagai media kritik sosial dan penyampai nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian berupa cerpen Maling karya Asma Dzakia, sedangkan data penelitian berupa kutipan-kutipan yang menunjukkan adanya realitas sosial dalam cerpen. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik baca dan catat, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi, mengelompokkan, dan mendeskripsikan data berdasarkan teori sosiologi sastra Ian Watt yang meliputi konteks sosial pengarang, sastra sebagai cermin masyarakat, dan fungsi sosial sastra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cerpen Maling merefleksikan berbagai realitas sosial, seperti kemiskinan, ketimpangan sosial, krisis moral, dan rendahnya empati masyarakat terhadap kaum miskin. Selain itu, pengarang juga menghadirkan kritik sosial terhadap ketidakadilan ekonomi serta pesan moral agar masyarakat lebih bijaksana dan tidak mudah menghakimi orang lain. Dengan demikian, cerpen Maling tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai karya hiburan, tetapi juga sebagai media refleksi sosial dan pendidikan moral bagi pembaca
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