Gaya Bahasa Figuratif dalam Novel Harga Sebuah Percaya Karya Tere Liye: Kajian Stilistika
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk bahasa figuratif, makna kontekstual, dan fungsi stilistisnyadalam novel Harga Sebuah Percaya karya Tere Liye. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan stilistika. Sumber data penelitian adalah novel Harga Sebuah Percaya karya Tere Liye, sedangkan data berupa kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat yang mengandung bahasa figuratif. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik baca dan catat. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap identifikasi, klasifikasi, analisis makna kontekstual, analisis fungsi stilistis, interpretasi kecenderungan gaya, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 27 data bahasa figuratif yang terdiri atas 12 metafora, 5 simile, dan 10 idiom. Metafora digunakan untuk mengonkretkan konsep abstrak, membangun citraan, menggambarkan ruang, memperkuat emosi, dan meningkatkan intensitas tindakan. Simile digunakan untuk memperjelas karakteristik tokoh, keadaan, dan peristiwa melalui perbandingan eksplisit serta menghasilkan citraan visual, auditif, dan gerak. Idiom digunakan untuk memadatkan makna yang berkaitan dengan karakter tokoh, keadaan emosional, relasi kekuasaan, konflik, dan penilaian terhadap informasi. Secara stilistis, bahasa figuratif dalam novel tersebut menjalankan fungsi deskriptif, ekspresif, emotif, karakterisasi, dan intensifikasi. Temuan penelitian juga menunjukkan kecenderungan Tere Liye mengonkretkan konsep abstrak melalui pengalaman fisik, memanfaatkan bagian tubuh untuk menggambarkan ruang dan benda, menggunakan hewan sebagai sumber perbandingan, serta memilih verba berintensitas tinggi untuk memperkuat tindakan. Dengan demikian, bahasa figuratif dalam novel Harga Sebuah Percaya tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai unsur estetis, tetapi juga menjadi strategi kebahasaan yang mendukung pembentukan latar, karakter, suasana, konflik, citraan, dan intensitas emosional cerita.
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