Mitos dalam Ungkapan Pamali pada Tradisi Rambu Tuka’ Masyarakat Tana Toraja
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan mitos dalam ungkapan pamali dan fungsi sosialnya dalam menjaga struktur dan harmoni sosial tradisi Rambu Tuka’. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan strukturalisme Levi-Strauss untuk membedah sistem kognitif “struktur dalam” dan fungsionalisme Emile Durkheim untuk melihat fungsi sosialnya. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam dengan tokoh adat serta masyarakat setempat. Teknik analisis mencakup reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa mitos dalam ungkapan pamali bukan sekadar cerita suprantural yang irasional, melaikan sistem klasifikasi kognitif yang memberikan makna pada setiap tindakan manusia. Secara fungsional, kepatuhan terhadap pamali berperan sebagai instrumen kontrol sosial yang memperkuat solidaritas mekanik, menjaga martabat klan (siri’), dan mengelola emosi kolektif masyarakat dari kecemasan akan bencana. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa mitos dalam ungkapan pamali bukan sekadar takhayul, melainkan manifestasi dari kecerdasan lokal (the savage mind) yang mengatur keteraturan masyarakat Toraja agar tetap berkelanjutan. Melalui kekuatan mitos, ungkapan pamali berhasil menyatukan aspek teologis, aspke sosiologis, dan aspek ekologis ke dalam satu kesatuan struktur yang harmonis dan berkelanjutan.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Kristiani Melsi, Andi Agussalim Aj., Aswati Asri
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