Dinamika Psikologis Keluarga dalam Internalisasi Nilai Spiritual pada Anak Disabilitas Konginital
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan dinamika psikologis orang tua dalam menerima kondisi anak dengan disabilitas kongenital, menganalisis strategi serta mekanisme keluarga dalam menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai spiritual, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat selama proses internalisasi tersebut berlangsung. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi, penelitian ini melibatkan orang tua (ayah dan ibu) yang memiliki anak disabilitas bawaan sejak lahir serta informan pendukung seperti terapis dan guru di Kota Palopo, Sulawesi Selatan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi, dengan analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis tematik serta uji keabsahan melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinamika psikologis orang tua berpusat pada penerimaan tanpa syarat (unconditional acceptance), rasa syukur yang mendalam, dan pemaknaan ulang secara spiritual (spiritual reframing) yang membangun resiliensi keluarga terhadap stigma sosial serta menumbuhkan optimisme hidup. Strategi internalisasi nilai spiritual dilaksanakan secara holistik sejak masa prenatal melalui stimulasi auditori Al-Qur'an dan adzan, yang dilanjutkan dengan pembiasaan ibadah kolektif harian seperti ta'lim keluarga dan shalat tahajud, keteladanan akhlakul karimah, pemanfaatan media digital keagamaan, serta pengondisian kedisiplinan dan kemandirian anak. Proses ini didukung oleh sinergi sistem pendukung keluarga, antusiasme religius anak yang tinggi, aksesibilitas tempat ibadah, dan kasih sayang orang tua. Adapun faktor penghambat utama mencakup keterbatasan motorik fisik anak, cemoohan lingkungan sekitar, serta keterbatasan waktu dan ekonomi orang tua. Kendati demikian, hambatan tersebut dapat diadaptasi secara fleksibel melalui kerja sama anggota keluarga besar. Secara keseluruhan, dimensi spiritual tidak hanya menjadi mekanisme koping individual, tetapi juga fondasi utama dalam membentuk karakter, optimisme, dan ketahanan psikologis keluarga.
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