Ilokusi dan Ujaran Kebencian Warganet pada Kasus Julia Prastini (Jule)
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk, jenis, dan makna tindak tutur ilokusi dalam ujaran kebencian warganet pada kolom komentar media sosial Instagram, TikTok, dan Twitter/X terkait kasus Julia Prastini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data berupa komentar warganet yang mengandung ujaran kebencian dianalisis berdasarkan teori tindak tutur ilokusi Searle (1980) dan kategori ujaran kebencian menurut SE Kapolri No. SE/6/X/2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya lima bentuk ujaran kebencian, yaitu penghinaan, penistaan, pencemaran nama baik, perbuatan tidak menyenangkan, dan pemprovokasian, serta lima jenis tindak tutur ilokusi, yakni asertif, direktif, ekspresif, komisif, dan deklaratif. Setiap tindak tutur memiliki fungsi pragmatis berbeda, mulai dari menyampaikan pendapat, mengekspresikan emosi negatif, hingga memengaruhi opini publik terhadap pihak yang disinggung. Secara umum, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media sosial menjadi ruang terbuka bagi ekspresi tindak tutur yang tidak hanya bersifat komunikatif, tetapi juga dapat menjadi bentuk kekerasan verbal yang menimbulkan dampak sosial
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