Elusidatori: Kritik Sosial dan Dekonstruksi Kuasa dalam Puisi “Tuhan Di Kedai Kopi”
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kritik sosial dan dekonstruksi simbol kuasa dalam puisi “Tuhan di Kedai Kopi” karya Aan Mansyur melalui pendekatan kritik elusidatori. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan data berupa larik-larik puisi yang memuat simbol kekuasaan, pengalaman religius, dan refleksi sosial. Analisis dilakukan melalui empat tahapan kritik sastra menurut Suroso, yaitu deskripsi, interpretasi, analisis, dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puisi ini menampilkan simbol “tuhan” secara ambivalen, yakni sebagai representasi religius sekaligus metafora kekuasaan duniawi. Kedai kopi dalam puisi berfungsi sebagai ruang publik informal yang mempertemukan berbagai suara masyarakat mengenai penderitaan, keraguan, dan pengalaman hidup sehari-hari. Melalui penggunaan metafora, citraan, serta struktur puisi bebas, teks ini menghadirkan kritik terhadap kekerasan struktural dan krisis makna dalam kehidupan sosial. Selain itu, bagian akhir puisi memperlihatkan bahwa aktivitas menulis puisi dipahami sebagai upaya simbolik untuk merebut kembali bahasa dan memulihkan makna pengalaman manusia. Hasil perbandingan dengan puisi “Sajak Doa Untuk Jakarta” karya W. S. Rendra menunjukkan bahwa kedua puisi sama-sama memadukan tema religius dan kritik sosial, tetapi berbeda dalam skala persoalan dan strategi estetik. Rendra menampilkan kritik secara deklaratif dan kolektif, sedangkan Mansyur menghadirkannya secara reflektif melalui pengalaman personal. Dengan demikian, puisi “Tuhan di Kedai Kopi” memperlihatkan bahwa puisi kontemporer dapat menjadi medium refleksi eksistensial sekaligus ruang kritik sosial terhadap relasi kuasa dalam masyarakat.
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