Kesantunan Berbahasa Leech dalam Film Sekawan Limo Karya Bayu Skak
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis prinsip-prinsip kesantunan berbahasa dalam film Sekawan Limo karya Bayu Skak berdasarkan teori kesantunan Geoffrey Leech (1983). Film ini dipilih karena merepresentasikan penggunaan bahasa Jawa yang kental serta nilai-nilai budaya lokal, sehingga berpotensi menjadi media pelestarian norma sosial dan strategi kesantunan dalam komunikasi. Teori Leech mencakup enam maksim kesantunan, yaitu maksim kebijaksanaan, kedermawanan, pujian, kesederhanaan, kesepakatan, dan simpati. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan kerangka analisis pragmatik. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik simak dan catat terhadap tuturan para tokoh dalam film, kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan makna kontekstual dan fungsi pragmatik dari setiap ujaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh maksim kesantunan muncul dalam dialog para tokoh, dengan maksim pujian dan simpati sebagai maksim yang paling dominan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi kesantunan digunakan untuk memperkuat ikatan sosial, mengekspresikan empati, dan menjaga keharmonisan interaksi antar tokoh. Bahasa yang digunakan secara santun dan kontekstual turut memperkuat pesan moral serta penggambaran karakter dalam film. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa film Sekawan Limo tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai media hiburan, tetapi juga sebagai sarana efektif untuk menyampaikan nilai-nilai budaya dan kesantunan berbahasa. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam kajian pragmatik serta mendorong pemanfaatan film sebagai media pembelajaran nilai-nilai sosial dan linguistik.
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