Interferensi Lingual Bahasa Ibu dalam Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Indonesia: Analisis Sosio-Kultural di Lingkungan Satuan Pendidikan Berbasis Entitas Lokal
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan fenomena interferensi lingual bahasa ibu (L1) dalam keterampilan berbicara bahasa Indonesia (L2) pada lingkungan satuan pendidikan berbasis entitas lokal. Dalam konteks pendidikan nasional, kemahiran berbicara secara sistematis sering kali terhambat oleh loyalitas bahasa daerah yang tinggi, yang memicu terjadinya transfer negatif. Menggunakan paradigma kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-eksplanatori, penelitian ini menempatkan peneliti sebagai instrumen kunci. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, teknik rekam-catat, dan wawancara mendalam, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode padan serta model siklikal Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interferensi terjadi secara masif pada tiga level utama: (1) Level fonologi dan suprasegmental berupa pergeseran titik artikulasi dan aksentuasi daerah; (2) Level morfosintaksis melalui hibridisasi afiksasi dan pengalihan struktur kalimat; serta (3) Level leksikal berupa dominasi partikel pragmatis sebagai penanda wacana. Faktor penyebab bersifat multidimensional, mencakup dominasi L1 di ranah domestik, loyalitas bahasa, hingga minimnya role model bahasa standar. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tanpa intervensi pedagogis yang presisi, fenomena ini akan berujung pada fosilisasi kesalahan berbahasa yang menghambat profesionalisme komunikatif siswa..
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